Which joint type permits the movement of flexion and extension in the arms and legs?

The hinge joint is specifically characterized by its ability to allow for movements such as flexion and extension, which are fundamental in the arms and legs. This joint type operates in a single plane, much like the movement of a door that can either open or close. In the context of the human body, hinge joints can be found in the elbow and knee, where they enable crucial functional movements such as bending the arm and leg.

In contrast, the other joint types listed have different movement capabilities. The ball and socket joint allows for a wide range of motion, including rotation, which is not limited to just flexion and extension. The pivot joint enables rotational movement around a single axis, as seen in the neck, but does not facilitate the same flexion or extension movements. Lastly, the ellipsoid joint offers a variety of movements such as flexion, extension, and limited rotation, but it is not as specialized for these particular movements as the hinge joint. Thus, hinge joints are uniquely suited for flexion and extension in the arms and legs, making this answer the most appropriate response.